沈昂工作室 发表于 2021-03-26 19:52
2021-3-26
今天选用了托福的一篇文章，重新设计了阅读题目。可以参考一下。
Evolution
Being a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal of male mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby (particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost no difference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone.
There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us have roughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity of today -- everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring -- means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribes.
For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. Strangely, it has involved little physical change. No other species fills so many places in nature. But in the past 100,000 years -- even the pass 100 years -- our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. We did not evolve, because machines and society did it for us. Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they “look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension.” No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond comprehension for its ugliness. But however, amazed our descendants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us.
1. In paragraph 1, the word mortality is close in meaning to the following words ____(choose all possible right answers)
[A] death [B] prosperity [C]expiry
[D] survival [E ] demise [F] adversity
2. What used to be the danger in being a man according to the first paragraph?
[A] A lack of mates. [B] A fierce competition.
[C] A lower survival rate. [D] A defective gene.
3. In paragraph 2, the word fertile is close in meaning to the following words ____ (choose all possible right answers)
[A] futile [B] prolific
[C] productive [D] fruitful
[E] versatile [F] fecund
4. Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished.
1) In the sentence, it refers to__________
2) Translate this sentence into Chinese:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. What does the example of India illustrate?
[A] Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people.
[B] Natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor.
[C] The middle-class population is 80% smaller than that of the tribes.
[D] India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate.
6. In the third paragraph, the writer uses biological Utopia in a tone of ____. (choose all possible right answers)
[A] exaggeration [B] irony
[C] sarcasm [D] hysteric
7. The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because ________.
[A] life has been improved by technological advance
[B] the number of female babies has been declining
[C] our species has reached the highest stage of evolution
[D] the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing
8. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
[A] Sex Ratio Changes in Human Evolution
[B] Ways of Continuing Man’s Evolution
[C] The Evolutionary Future of Nature
[D] Human Evolution Going Nowhere
9. From the text, we can conclude_______
(choose all possible right answers)
[A] in the past, an overweight boy baby may face a great risk of death.
[B] religions cast an influence on the number of offspring.
[C] our ancestors in Middle Ages had almost identical looking as modern humans.
[D] there are more affluent people than impoverished ones living in Indian big cities.
10.Summarize the major reasons stated in the article resulting in the suspension of human evolution:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
长难句的话还是沿用高考阅读中的长难句，后面很快过渡到六级和考研阅读的长难句分析。 至于长难句分析到底有什么用，对考试有没有好处，我觉得长难句的读和写是语法应用的最终目标，体现在应试中，自然潜移默化，否则高考英语靠刷题就能刷出高分来了。
听力继续沿用六级音频，挖空听写练习。
上节课开始作文写作了：Nature or Nurture，看了几篇学生的作业，缺点是字太难看，有点是洋洋洒洒300-800字的作文都有，而且基本没有什么语法错误，但是行文逻辑和结构上需要指点不少。
今天增加了口语作业，Study alone or in group，帮着学生树立口语的逻辑展开能力。
很有道理。 |
发表于 2021-3-22 12:15
楼主
